{"id":45160,"date":"2023-09-11T11:25:44","date_gmt":"2023-09-11T11:25:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lesvolcansnews.net\/2023\/09\/11\/perturbation-du-calendrier-agricole-dans-le-ruwenzori-entre-la-secheresse-et-laridite-billet-de-paul-zaidi\/"},"modified":"2023-09-11T11:25:44","modified_gmt":"2023-09-11T11:25:44","slug":"perturbation-du-calendrier-agricole-dans-le-ruwenzori-entre-la-secheresse-et-laridite-billet-de-paul-zaidi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lesvolcansnews.net\/?p=45160","title":{"rendered":"Perturbation du calendrier agricole dans le Ruwenzori : Entre la s\u00e9cheresse et l’aridit\u00e9 (Billet de Paul Za\u00efdi)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

D’embl\u00e9e, les cultures ne sont pas toujours adapt\u00e9es aux conditions climatiques locales, de sorte qu’elles vont \u00e9puiser la ressource en eau tout en n\u00e9cessitant une importante irrigation malheureusement, une technique agricole peu pratiqu\u00e9e en secteur de Ruwenzori. Suite au retard de la fr\u00e9quence de pluies, les haricots (verts et rouges etc…), sont maintenant sem\u00e9s au mois de septembre contrairement aux ann\u00e9es pass\u00e9es.

Certaines personnes croient d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 la sorcellerie et exhortent les chefs coutumiers a exercer le pouvoir ancestral, afin de r\u00e9gulariser la situation de la pluie alors qu’en r\u00e9alit\u00e9, cette situation chaotique est naturellement le r\u00e9sultat f\u00e2cheux du comportement des humains, ayant une r\u00e9percussion irr\u00e9versible sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes.

D’entr\u00e9e de jeu, il existe trois types vari\u00e9s de la s\u00e9cheresse dont il s’agit de ; \u2022 La s\u00e9cheresse agricole
\u2022 La s\u00e9cheresse hydrologique
\u2022 La s\u00e9cheresse m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique.

Le manque d’eau est la principale cause de la s\u00e9cheresse. La p\u00e9riode pluvieuse n’a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 mouvement\u00e9e, les r\u00e9serves d’eau (superficielles ou souterraines) ne sont pas assez remplies.

Le manque d’eau accompagn\u00e9 de temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es va accentuer le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de s\u00e9cheresse car il y aura davantage d’\u00e9vaporation et de transpiration des plantes (\u00e9vapotranspiration) ce qui ass\u00e8che les sols.

Dans ce billet nous allons beaucoup plus nous concentrer sur la s\u00e9cheresse agricole qui se manifeste depuis maintenant deux d\u00e9cennies, dans plusieurs agglom\u00e9rations du secteur de Ruwenzori en territoire de Beni au Nord-Kivu.

Selon les experts en \u00e9cologie foresti\u00e8re, cette s\u00e9cheresse agricole se caract\u00e9rise tout d’abord, par un d\u00e9ficit en eau dans les sols d’une profondeur maximale de 2 m\u00e8tres, qui a un impact sur le d\u00e9veloppement de la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation. Ce type de s\u00e9cheresse d\u00e9pend des pr\u00e9cipitations re\u00e7ues sur la zone, ainsi que de l’\u00e9vapotranspiration des plantes.

En effet, la agricole est donc sensible au climat environnant, soit l’humidit\u00e9, les pr\u00e9cipitations, la temp\u00e9rature ambiante, le vent mais aussi le sol et les plantes ;

Dans ce billet environnemental il est question de pr\u00e9ciser que, la s\u00e9cheresse ne doit pas \u00eatre confondue avec l’aridit\u00e9. En effet, une r\u00e9gion aride peut conna\u00eetre des \u00e9pisodes de s\u00e9cheresse. Le manque de pluie sera une caract\u00e9ristique permanente du climat de la zone aride. Il s’agit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de r\u00e9gions o\u00f9 la pluie est rare et les temp\u00e9ratures sont \u00e9lev\u00e9es. La s\u00e9cheresse sera donc un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne ponctuel sur une zone.

Au finish, les risques encourus en cas de s\u00e9cheresse sont principalement le manque d’eau pour la population, mais aussi pour l’agriculture, les animaux et la flore environnante. Ainsi, pour lutter contre ces risques, quelques mesures peuvent \u00eatre mises en place :

\u2022 Reboisement d’arbres
\u2022 Pratique de m\u00e9thodes agricoles appropri\u00e9es
\u2022 Diminution de l’utilisation des produits chimiques
\u2022 Cr\u00e9er des espaces verts en guise de faciliter l’infiltration pluvieuse
\u2022 Mettre en place un comit\u00e9 pilote des \u00e9cologistes et agronomes pour assurer au quotidien, le monitoring
\u2022 Interdire l’utilisation des emballages (sachets)

PAUL ZA\u00cfDI<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D’embl\u00e9e, les cultures ne sont pas toujours adapt\u00e9es aux conditions climatiques locales, de sorte qu’elles vont \u00e9puiser la ressource en eau tout en n\u00e9cessitant une importante irrigation malheureusement, une technique<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":45159,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45160","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualite","category-securite"],"yoast_head":"\nPerturbation du calendrier agricole dans le Ruwenzori : Entre la s\u00e9cheresse et l'aridit\u00e9 (Billet de Paul Za\u00efdi) - LES VOLCANS NEWS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lesvolcansnews.net\/?p=45160\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Perturbation du calendrier agricole dans le Ruwenzori : Entre la s\u00e9cheresse et l'aridit\u00e9 (Billet de Paul Za\u00efdi) - 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